I agree with Tony. This is a Greater Scaup. Wde bill with a large black "nail". Lessee Scaup have noticibly narrower bills. I find this useful with a good look at a bird.
Yup. A good reminder that juveniles of basically all sparrows are heavily streaked (in addition to date here). And many aren't seen much south of their breeding grounds. White-crowned for example. There are so many "juvenile" White-crowns reported across the country. I've seen many immature White-crowns but exactly zero juveniles.
Probably Herring although I was going to say Great Black-backed before seeing the location. Looks big, thick bill, checkering pattern on back. Would be a major rarity there no? I guess Herring.